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PHP MySQL Database

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With PHP, you can connect to and manipulate databases.

MySQL is the most popular database system used with PHP.


What is MySQL?

  • MySQL is a database system used on the web
  • MySQL is a database system that runs on a server
  • MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications
  • MySQL is very fast, reliable, and easy to use
  • MySQL uses standard SQL
  • MySQL compiles on a number of platforms
  • MySQL is free to download and use
  • MySQL is developed, distributed, and supported by Oracle Corporation
  • MySQL is named after co-founder Monty Widenius's daughter: My

The data in a MySQL database are stored in tables. A table is a collection of related data, and it consists of columns and rows.

Databases are useful for storing information categorically. A company may have a database with the following tables:

  • Employees
  • Products
  • Customers
  • Orders

PHP + MySQL Database System

  • PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (you can develop in Windows and serve on a Unix platform)

Database Queries

A query is a question or a request.

We can query a database for specific information and have a recordset returned.

Look at the following query (using standard SQL):

SELECT LastName FROM Employees

The query above selects all the data in the "LastName" column from the "Employees" table.

To learn more about SQL, please visit our SQL tutorial.


Download MySQL Database

If you don't have a PHP server with a MySQL Database, you can download it for free here: http://www.mysql.com


Facts About MySQL Database

MySQL is the de-facto standard database system for web sites with HUGE volumes of both data and end-users (like Facebook, Twitter, and Wikipedia).

Another great thing about MySQL is that it can be scaled down to support embedded database applications.

Look at http://www.mysql.com/customers/ for an overview of companies using MySQL.

 

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Web Development [PHP/MySQL] : Linux or Windows?

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Trausti Thor Johannsson

 

Over 20 years as a system administrator, RHCEAuthor has 17.3K answers and 70M answer views

 · 10mo

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Which OS is better for PHP developer WIndows, Linux or Mac?

Any of them will do nicely. My answer did get longer than I started out with.

I recommend though that you get some Unix/Linux experience because 99% of the time your code will run on Linux server in production.

I have programmed PHP on all of these and as usual, I prefer using my Mac. But today in 2023 these systems all work so well, I use the same tools on most systems so I honestly don’t care. But if I choose myself to do something, I use a Mac. if I do .NET as well, I might use Windows.

I run all of these systems at home. It is also a great thing to change environments so you don’t use the sam

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xampp MySQL does not start

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I installed Xampp on Windows 7 32-bit. When I try to start MySql in XAMPP control panel (v3.2.1) I have the following message and MySql does not start.

23:02:03  [mysql]   Problem detected!
23:02:03  [mysql]   Port 3306 in use by ""C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\bin\mysqld" --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\my.ini" MySQL"!
23:02:03  [mysql]   MySQL WILL NOT start without the configured ports free!
23:02:03  [mysql]   You need to uninstall/disable/reconfigure the blocking application
23:02:03  [mysql]   or reconfigure MySQL and the Control Panel to listen on a different port
23:02:03  [mysql]   Attempting to start MySQL service...

A similar problem was reported here but there is no working answer. When I try to install with MySql disabled, the result is that I even don't have an option even to try to run it.

I am new to Xampp and don't know where and what to look for to solve the issue

I need to run Apache and MySql with Php.

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edited May 23, 2017 at 11:54

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asked Aug 11, 2013 at 22:02

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tomasz74

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You already have a version of mySQL installed on this machine that is using port 3306. Go into the most recent my.ini file and change the port to 3307. Restart the mySQL service and see if it comes up.

You also need to change port 3306 to 3307 in xampp\php\php.ini

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edited Aug 30, 2018 at 14:31

DevOps Project Ideas

The project ideas presented here are based on real-life examples. DevOps teams may already be performing or will be required to accomplish these tasks.

Confused about your next job?

In 4 simple steps you can find your personalised career roadmap in Software development for FREE



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DevOps means different things to different people in different companies, but it usually means automating cloud infrastructure and assisting development teams in getting software into customers’ hands reliably.

So, instead of spending time setting up infrastructure, these project ideas are all focused on deploying software.

Best DevOps Projects for Beginners

1. Java Application using Gradle

Gradle is a well-known build automation tool that works across a variety of platforms and languages. This project includes establishing a Java application and breaking it down into subprojects in order to modularize it.

After completing this project, you will know how to initialize a project as Java application, run the build and build it’s test report. You will learn the way to execute a Java application and build it in an archive.

Check Source Code

2. WebServer using Docker

Docker is a popular container technology for hosting services and applications that virtualizes operating systems and builds lightweight containers. You will create a default base image for this project that other developers can use in their production environments. This project offers the framework for web app images in Python, Ruby, and Meteor.

On successful completion of this project, you will be able to reduce the size of the Dockerfile, shorten the time it takes to write a Dockerfile. Also, you will learn to correctly setup the base system and reduce the amount of time it takes to run docker build and the download time.

Check Source Code

3. CI/CD Pipeline using Azure

You’ll use Azure DevOps Project to set up continuous delivery (CD) and continuous integration (CI) pipelines in this project. You may get started by using the provided code. The purpose is to quickly deploy an app to a variety of Azure services, including App Service, Virtual Machines, and Azure Kubernetes Services (AKS).

In this project, you’ll use Azure’s DevOps Starter feature to establish an ASP.NET sample code, explore the CI/CD pipelines configured by DevOps Starter, commit code changes and run CI/CD, and configure Azure Application Insights monitoring.

Check Source Code

4. Jenkins Remoting Project

Jenkins Remoting is a library and archive for creating a communication layer. TCP protocols, data streaming, procedure calls, and other features are all included.

In this project, you will have to improve Jenkins Remoting, a communication layer implementation library. Jenkins Remoting can be made compatible with a bus technology like ActiveMQ or RabbitMQ. You’ll need knowledge of networking fundamentals, Java, and message queues to execute the task.

Check Source Code

5. CD Pipeline using AWS

You will develop a continuous delivery pipeline for a small web application in this project. To store your source code, you’ll first use a version control system. 

Then you’ll learn how to set up a continuous delivery pipeline that will deploy your web application automatically anytime your source code is updated. This project uses GitHub, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, AWS CodeBuild, and AWS CodePipeline.

Check Source Code

Best DevOps Projects for Advanced

6. Deploying a Containerized Web Application

This project demonstrates how to package a web application as a Docker container image and run it on a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster. The web application is then deployed as a load-balanced collection of replicas that can scale to meet the demands of your users.

This project will help you in learning of how to package a sample web application into a Docker image, uploading the Docker image to Artifact Registry, creating a GKE cluster and deploying it to the cluster, managing autoscaling for deployment, exposing the app to the internet and deploying a new version of it.

Check Source Code

7. Building Version Control System

You can use a Version Control System to keep track of your code, inspect multiple versions of it, switch between them, maintain different versions of it, and share it with other programmers.

You will start with the basics and save code in our version control system. You will have to take the long way to set up a repository in order to do so. From there, you will figure out how to navigate through history. Then you will figure out how to handle branching, which is deceptively difficult in and of itself. You’ll be ready for Git once you’ve finished branching.

Check Source Code

8. Deploying Application Using Kubernetes

In this project, you are going to use a simple web service which parses user messages and adds your message to a Redis Server. It is similar to a voicemail where the users can leave messages. 

This project needs to run the application on Kubernetes, hence dockerizing is the primary step in this project. Hence, you will learn how to enable the application to run in docker containers. 

Check Source Code

9. Structuring a Terraform Project

In order to ensure its maintainability and extensibility in day-to-day operations, Terraform projects must be properly structured according to their use cases and perceived complexity.

This project will teach you how to organize Terraform projects based on their general purpose and complexity. Then, using the more popular Terraform features such as variables, localities, data sources, and provisioners, you’ll design a project with a simple structure. In the end, your project will use DigitalOcean to deploy an Ubuntu 20.04 server (Droplet), install an Apache web server, and point your domain to it.

Check Source Code

10. Building and Executing Selenium Project

Test automation requires the creation and execution of Selenium projects. It facilitates the execution of tests, the analysis of reports, and the reporting of bugs. 

Needless to say, this aids in the faster delivery of high-quality products to clients, making them happier. You will be able to demonstrate how to develop a Selenium project employing both a “Java Project” and a “Maven Project” after completing this project.

Check Source Code

DevOps Projects: Why Are They So Important?

Studying devops is an essential skill to learn in order to make the software development lifecycle more efficient. You are recommended to make some good DevOps projects as DevOps engineers must be familiar with the below mentioned skills:

  • Fundamentals of Linux and Scripting: Many firms prefer to host their apps on the Linux operating system, therefore DevOps engineers must be familiar with it. In addition, Linux is used to control the master nodes of configuration management systems like Chef, Ansible, and Puppet.
  • Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery: Continuous delivery (CD) is a computerized method in which every update is designed, tested, and released automatically. On the other hand, continuous integration (CI) is a procedure that requires all members of a team to utilise a single version control system and to integrate their work into the main branch on a frequent basis.
  • Infrastructure as Code: With the rise of containerization and cloud computing technologies, the infrastructure required by developers can now be given by an automated script. The script is used to manage configurations and to run configuration management software. It also runs the necessary commands. As a result, the core application infrastructure or platform is available in a matter of seconds.
  • Configuration Management:  The process of keeping track of software and operating system configurations is known as configuration management. It can be used to manage the configurations of thousands of servers by utilising the management server to run a single command. Popular configuration management software tools include Ansible, Chef, and Puppet.
  • Automation: In DevOps, automation is a key goal. It is the application of software to reduce human participation while enhancing efficiency. Gradle, Git, Jenkins, and Docker are all prominent automation platforms that DevOps engineers should be familiar with.

Conclusion

DevOps is a culture-shifting strategy that has and continues to benefit a wide range of enterprises and organizations. Because of the growing demand for DevOps skills, becoming a DevOps engineer provides several advantages.  

DevOps creates a seamless route for Continuous Development and Continuous Integration, bridging the gap between the conflict of goals and priorities of developers and operations team.

DevOps is a vast discipline that has become one of the most in-demand technological skills in recent years. This blog should hopefully serve as a starting point for your journey into the realm of DevOps.

FAQs

Q.1: How do you explain the DevOps project?

Ans: One of the greatest ways to explain any project in a large topic like DevOps is to build things, rather than watching YouTube tutorials or following step-by-step guidelines.

In other words, analyze the problem statement in-depth, start finding the most optimal solution and implement it, and you’ll learn without even recognizing it. This knowledge will assist you in landing a great DevOps engineer role.

Working on your own DevOps projects will teach you how to:

  • Read Documentation and Online Resources
  • Research on new and trending technologies
  • Find and contribute to online tech communities
  • Troubleshoot various issues while building the project
  • Learn various concepts and DevOps principles used in the project.

You should describe projects that you have successfully accomplished in the past during a DevOps interview. The goal is to demonstrate to the hiring manager the breadth of your knowledge and experience with DevOps.

Q.2: What is the main goal of DevOps?

Ans: DevOps’ main purpose is to tightly integrate automation and monitoring at every stage of the software development life cycle (SDLC), from integration to testing to release, deployment, and infrastructure management. 

Shortening development cycles, increasing deployment frequency, and improving quality with predictable releases are all goals of DevOps, which are all aligned with business goals.

DevOps’ sole purpose is to remove the challenges from the software development methodology and make it a more streamlined process in the following ways:

  • Frequent Software Releases: New versions of the programme with the latest bug fixes and feature additions are delivered more regularly due to an iterative development approach, efficient peer code reviews, autonomous testing and build pipelines, and continuous deployments. Manual processes and time-consuming code reviews are avoided with automation at each stage of the DevOps lifecycle, eliminating time delays.
  • Internal Communication: DevOps plays a critical role in resolving communication and priority issues between a company’s developer and operations teams. In the DevOps methodology, the line between the two groups is exceedingly fine. DevOps encourages better communication between teams, ensuring that everyone on the technical team is aware of any changes made to the codebase, resulting in more efficient incident management. These production adjustments are minor, making them easily reversible in the event of a system failure.
  • Relevance to market dynamics: DevOps focuses on harnessing the feedback of end-users and stakeholders in an iterative software development process with more frequent releases. As a result, the software can adapt to changing market conditions and remain relevant to end-users.

Q.3: What are the benefits of DevOps?

Ans: From a technology perspective, DevOps has a plethora of advantages. Some of the benefits of DevOps are described below:

  • DevOps reduces the distinction between intra-organization teams (most notably, developer and operations teams), resulting in fewer silos and improved team communication.
  • The DevOps technique is intended for frequent app releases, resulting in a shorter time-to-market.
  • The foundations of the DevOps application development process are feedback loops. The application is always being improved in a rapid, iterative manner based on feedback from users and internal stakeholders.
  • Better application monitoring and maintenance typically result in fewer application downtimes, which means more consistent performance for users.
  • One of the pillars of the DevOps lifecycle is automation. It reduces manual labour while also improving the overall reliability and consistency of the application development pipeline.
  • In development, DevOps encourages increasing responsibility and code ownership. The positions are typically broader and more adaptable.
  • Finally, automation and pipelining allow for a more efficient development process.

Additional Resources

·         DevOps Projects

 

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answered Aug 11, 2013 at 22:06

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The Reasons Behind XAMPP MySQL Error

Running into this XAMPP MySQL Error “MySQL shutdown unexpectedly” could be due to a bunch of reasons:

Port conflicts: MySQL uses 3306 by default. If another computer application is using this port, MySQL won’t start, leading to the shutdown.

Damaged tables or data files: If the MySQL files become damaged – due to disk issues, unexpected shutdowns, or other reasons – MySQL might not be able to start.

Inadequate configuration: Misconfigurations in your my.ini file, such as incorrect buffer sizes or memory allocations, can cause startup failures.

Permissions issues: MySQL needs certain permissions to access its data files and perform operations. If these permissions are incorrect, MySQL’s operations could stop.


 

DevlshOne

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·         1

Thanks. Seems to work. Is it going to be a problem later on, that I have two installations of the same MySql? I wonder if it is not better to simply remove now stand alone MySql and install xampp again? 

– tomasz74

 CommentedAug 11, 2013 at 22:13

·         2

A problem? Not really... more of an annoyance. I think you should remove one or the other to be safe. All of the standard mySQL interfaces are going to default to port 3306, as is the PHP code unless you specify otherwise. 

– DevlshOne

 CommentedAug 11, 2013 at 22:16 

·         1

Not working : I tried to edit & it is not saving it ! it is saying access is denied 

– Vivek Warde

 CommentedFeb 28, 2014 at 5:14 

·         2

First run Notepad as Administrator and then open the file and see if it helps. 

– Firze

 CommentedMar 18, 2014 at 6:35

·         1

Most recent my.ini is which? I have a tons of mysql ini files and I dont know which one is it. 

– Čamo

 CommentedJul 1, 2016 at 1:33

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 Learn How

Fixing the XAMPP Error “MySQL Shutdown Unexpectedly”

We got to the awaited troubleshooting part. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to fix the XAMPP error: “MySQL shutdown unexpectedly”

1. Check for Port Conflicts

For Windows Users:

1.   Open Command Prompt: Press Win + R → type cmd → hit Enter.

2.   Use netstat: Type netstat -ano | findstr 3306 → press Enter. This command searches for any applications using port 3306, the default port for MySQL.

3.   Interpret the Output: If you see a line of output, something is using port 3306. Note the PID (Process ID) at the end of the line, as you’ll need it to identify the conflicting application.

For macOS/Linux Users:

1.   Open Terminal.

2.   Use lsof: Type lsof -i :3306 → hit Enter. This command lists open files and the corresponding applications using port 3306.

3.   Read the Results: If the command returns information, it means port 3306 is in use. Note the application name or PID provided.

Having identified an application using port 3306, solve the issue by changing the conflicted application’s port or the MySQL port.

Option 1: Use the PID or application name you noted earlier to find the conflicting application. Find the configuration settings or file for the application. Look for the port number setting (which should be set to 3306) and change it to a different port number. Save your changes.

 

Option 2: Change MySQL’s Port in XAMPP: Open the my.ini file located in your XAMPP MySQL folder, look for the line that specifies the port (usually port=3306), and change it to a free port. Restart MySQL after making this change.

2. Repair corrupted tables or data files

As we learned there might be corrupted MySQL tables or data files within XAMPP causing the MySQL shutdown unexpectedly issue. Here are the steps to identify the corruption.

1.   Go to your XAMPP installation directory → go to the mysql\data folder. This is where MySQL stores database files.

2.   Look for any .err files, which are error log files that might contain information about what went wrong.

3.   Review the files named after your databases. Pay attention to file sizes and modification dates that seem out of the ordinary, as these can be indicators of corruption.

If you have identified a corrupted file. Here is how to resolve it.

For MyISAM tables

1.   Backup your data first. 

Do this through XAMPP’s phpMyAdmin by exporting your databases, or by using the mysqldump command if you’re comfortable with command-line tools.

2.   Open your command prompt (Windows) or terminal (macOS/Linux).

Go to the bin folder inside your XAMPP’s MySQL directory by typing cd followed by the path, like C:\xampp\mysql\bin for Windows users.

In the command line, type myisamchk -r /path/to/your/table.MYI, making sure to replace /path/to/your/table.MYI with the real path to the MyISAM table you need to fix. The -r stands for “recover,” aiming to repair your table.

Handling InnoDB Tables

InnoDB tables are a bit trickier due to their design, and there’s no straightforward tool like myisamchk for them.

1.   Look at the .err files inside the mysql\data directory for error messages about InnoDB tables. These can give you hints about what’s wrong.

2.   Try a forced recovery. Force MySQL into a recovery mode. Edit the my.ini (Windows) or my.cnf (other OS) file, add innodb_force_recovery = 1 under the [mysqld] section, and then restart MySQL.

If things look bad, your best bet might be to restore from a backup. Hopefully, you have a recent one that can replace the damaged tables or database.

3. Review and adjust configuration

1.   Open the my.ini file with a text editor. Key things to review include the innodb_buffer_pool_size (increasing it may help performance) and the paths specified in basedir and datadir.

2.   If you find any misconfigurations or suspect a setting could be causing issues, make the necessary adjustments. For example, if innodb_buffer_pool_size is set too low for your workload, increase it accordingly. Always backup the original my.ini file before making changes.

4. Set correct permissions

MySQL or XAMPP might not have the necessary permissions to access their directories and files, especially after updates or changes in security software.

1.   Check the permissions of the MySQL and XAMPP folders.

2.   Ensure that the user account running XAMPP has full access rights.

3.   On Windows, you might need to right-click the XAMPP folder, go to Properties → Security, and adjust accordingly.

4.   On macOS and Linux, use chmod and chown commands to set the correct permissions.

5. Restart and monitor

After implementing the fixes, restart XAMPP and specifically the MySQL service through the XAMPP Control Panel.

Keep an eye on the MySQL error log file for any new warnings or errors. This log is usually found in the data directory or specified within the my.ini file.

Summing up

When using local server environments, bumping into XAMPP MySQL error, “MySQL shutdown unexpectedly” is a common issue you should know about. It’s even critical to know how to fix it and get the server back up. In this guide, we walked you through the basics of XAMPP, how it works, learned about the issue, why it occurs, and how you can solve it step-by-step without panicking.

If you’re using the local XAMPP server, keep this guide in reach in case you encounter the issue again. Don’t worry, we’ve covered the whole troubleshooting process in detail for you.